Table 5. Results of linear mixed models testing the effect of picking treatment on the total vascular plant abundance and the relative abundance of plant functional types over years 2013‒2015.
	Ndf	Total vascular plant abundance a			Deciduous dwarf shrubs b			Evergreen dwarf shrubs b			Graminoids b			Forbs b
		Ddf	F	p	Ddf	F	p	Ddf	F	p	Ddf	F	p	Ddf	F	p
Year	2	45.063	39.567	<0.001	90.845	30.535	<0.001	90.906	0.871	0.422	53.273	22.076	<0.001	85.502	1.381	0.257
Treatment	1	57.960	0.317	0.576	57.653	0.860	0.358	57.772	3.210	0.078	57.523	1.089	0.301	49.230	1.295	0.261
Year × Treatment	2	45.063	0.001	0.999	90.845	3.383	0.038	90.906	0.734	0.483	53.273	0.891	0.416	85.502	0.042	0.959
Ndf numerator degrees of freedom, Ddf denominator degrees of freedom, a log-transformed data were used in the analysis, b arcsine-transformed data were used in the analysis.