Table 4. Statistical results for difference in pruning treatments and least-square means of pruned and unpruned trees for different traits for each site (Eq. 1) and for both sites (Site 1 + 2, Eq. 2). A “x” in the column “Covar” indicates the result when the covariate KnDia was included in Eq. 1 and 2. Bold figures are significant at the 5%-level. Description of traits are given in Table 2.
Trait	Covar	Unit	Site 1				Site 2				Site 1 + 2
			p-value	Means		p-value	p-value	Means		p-value	p-value		Means		p-value
			Pruning	Unpruned	Pruned	KnDia	Pruning	Unpruned	Pruned	KnDia	Pruning	Site	Unpruned	Pruned	KnDia
CardP		(1–4)	0.802	2.9	2.9		0.951	2.4	2.4		0.893	0.003	2.6	2.6
KnAng		°	0.530	42.0	42.0		0.118	40.0	43.0		0.094	0.733	41.0	42.0
Radius		mm	0.760	58.4	58.9		0.602	53.8	54.7		0.597	0.028	56.1	56.7
Dia		mm	0.869	141.0	141.0		0.842	139.0	138.0
TwHght		cm	0.423	236.0	239.0		0.539	239.0	241.0		0.308	0.416	237.0	240.0
KnDia		mm	0.100	11.5	12.7		0.006	9.1	12.8		0.0005	0.113	10.3	12.7
Dist1		mm	0.439	0.9	1.1		0.028	0.4	1.0		0.024	0.181	0.6	1.0
Dist1	x	mm	0.582	0.9	1.0	0.019	0.046	0.4	0.9	0.369	0.067	0.219	0.6	1.0	0.016
Dist2		mm	0.048	7.7	10.7		0.003	2.9	9.4		0.040	0.0002	5.3	10.0
Dist2	x	mm	0.024	7.4	11.0	<0.0001	0.001	2.6	9.8	<0.0001	0.031	<0.0001	5.0	10.4	<0.0001
Dist3		mm	0.035	8.6	11.8		0.003	3.3	10.3		0.034	<0.0001	6.0	11.0
Dist3	x	mm	0.019	8.3	12.0	<0.0001	0.002	3.0	10.7	0.001	<0.0001	0.028	5.7	11.3	<0.0001
BrkUp		mm	0.268	10.1	12.1		0.136	21.4	16.4		0.397	0.006	15.7	14.2
BrkUp	x	mm	0.356	10.3	11.9	0.004	0.053	22.4	15.2	0.002	0.145	0.005	16.3	13.6	<0.0001
BrkLow		mm	0.732	5.2	5.5		0.149	6.8	5.3		0.950	0.660	6.0	5.4
BrkLow	x	mm	0.737	5.2	5.5	0.950	0.512	6.4	5.8	<0.0001	0.654	0.532	5.9	5.6	0.0008
ColIn		%	0.003	26.0	34.0		0.167	26.6	32.6		0.003	0.891	26.0	33.0
ColIn	x	%	0.004	26.3	33.6	0.0002	0.244	27.0	32.0	0.082	0.008	0.977	26.7	32.8	0.0005
ColOut		%	0.208	4.0	6.1		0.335	3.1	4.8		0.096	0.535	3.6	5.5
ColOut	x	%	0.281	4.2	5.9	0.022	0.298	3.0	5.0	0.580	0.142	0.578	3.7	5.4	0.298
RotIn		%	0.153	8.8	6.8		0.506	11.0	12.2		0.637	0.103	9.9	9.4
RotIn	x	%	0.126	8.9	6.7	0.150	0.819	11.4	11.8	0.041	0.377	0.094	10.1	9.2	0.006