Simo Kyllönen 
,
Alfred Colpaert,
Hannu Heikkinen,
Mikko Jokinen,
Jouko Kumpula,
Mika Marttunen,
Kari Muje,
Kaisa Raitio
Conflict management as a means to the sustainable use of natural resources
Kyllönen S., Colpaert A., Heikkinen H., Jokinen M., Kumpula J., Marttunen M., Muje K., Raitio K. (2006). Conflict management as a means to the sustainable use of natural resources. Silva Fennica vol. 40 no. 4 article id 323. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.323
Abstract
Democratic societies’ emphasis on individual rights and freedoms inevitably opens them up to political disputes. Conflict management should thus be seen as an integral part of democratic institutional design. The evolution and management of policy disputes concerning the use of different natural resources in Finland is analysed by using the theoretical models of frame analysis and strategic interaction. The studied disputes include lake fisheries, watercourse regulation, reindeer herding, and forestry. The institutional design in the case studies varies. Despite the differences, many common features are identified that could explain their successes or difficulties in achieving sustainable and cooperative use of the resources. Among these are problems involving complex and uncertain knowledge, differences in frames held by multiple users of a resource, and distrust between the users and other parties. The analysis concludes with preliminary conclusions on how various disputes related to sustainable resource use could be managed. These include addressing the knowledge and frame problems in order to initiate a learning process; establishing sub-processes in which mutual trust between the parties – including a managing authority or a third party – can emerge; giving explicit roles and a clear division of entitlement to the parties; and providing a credible alternative for co-operation that affects the parties’ payoff assessments during the process. Finally, the conflict management process shouldn’t be regarded as a distinct phase of dispute resolution, but as an essential aspect of ongoing co-management practices of resource use.
Keywords
sustainability;
conflict management;
resource management;
deliberative participation;
frame analysis;
assurance game;
prisoner’s dilemma
-
Kyllönen,
Department of Social and Moral Philosophy, P.O. Box 9, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
E-mail
simo.kyllonen@helsinki.fi
- Colpaert, University of Joensuu, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland E-mail ac@nn.fi
- Heikkinen, Taida, P.O. Box 1000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland E-mail hh@nn.fi
- Jokinen, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Kolari Research Unit, Muoniontie 21 A, FI-95900 Kolari, Finland E-mail mj@nn.fi
- Kumpula, Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Reindeer Research Station, Toivoniementie 246, FI-99910 Kaamanen, Finland E-mail jk@nn.fi
- Marttunen, Finnish Environment Institute, P.O. Box 140, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland E-mail mk@nn.fi
- Muje, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland E-mail km@nn.fi
- Raitio, Department of Social and Policy, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland E-mail kr@nn.fi
Received 6 July 2004 Accepted 3 October 2006 Published 31 December 2006
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