Full text of this article is only available in PDF format.

Arja Lilja (email), Marja Poteri, Raija-Liisa Petäistö, Risto Rikala, Timo Kurkela, Risto Kasanen

Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland

Lilja A., Poteri M., Petäistö R.-L., Rikala R., Kurkela T., Kasanen R. (2010). Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 3 article id 147. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.147

Abstract

Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and silver birch (Betula pendula) are the major tree species grown in Finnish forest nurseries where 99% of the seedlings are grown in containers first in plastic-covered greenhouses and later outdoors. The main diseases on conifer seedlings are Scleroderris canker (Gremmeniella abietina), Sirococcus blight and cankers (Sirococcus conigenum), snow blights (Herpotrichia juniperi and Phacidium infestans) and needle casts (Lophodermium seditiosum and Meria laricis). Also grey mould (Botrytis cinerea) and birch rust (Melampsoridium betulinum) are among the diseases to be controlled with fungicides. During last years Scleroderris canker has been a problem on Norway spruce, which has been since 2000 the most common species produced in Finnish nurseries. Root die-back (uninucleate Rhizoctonia sp.) on container-grown spruce and pine was a problem in the 1990s. Today the disease has become less common in modern nurseries due to improvements in hygiene and cultivation practice. Since 1991 stem lesions and top dying caused by Phytophthora cactorum has been a problem on birch. The ongoing climate change has already had effect on rusts and powdery mildews as well as other fungi infecting leaves. All diseases, which gain high precipitation and warm and long autumns. For same reasons winter stored seedlings need sprayings against grey mold. Fungal infections are also possible during short-day (SD) treatment, that is necessary for summer and autumn plantings and a beneficial step prior freezing temperatures outside or in freezer storage. Growers are encouraged to use cultural and integrated pest management techniques such as better nursery hygiene, including removing plant debris in nursery growing areas and hot water washing of containers plus removal of diseased, spore-producing seedlings and trees around the nursery.

Keywords
damping-off; grey mold; root dieback; needle casts; snowblights; scleroderris canker; Sirococcus; pine twisting rust; stem lesions and top dying; leaf lesions; Venturia; powdery mildews

Author Info
  • Lilja, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa, Finland E-mail arja.lilja@metla.fi (email)
  • Poteri, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki, Finland E-mail mp@nn.fi
  • Petäistö, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki, Finland E-mail rlp@nn.fi
  • Rikala, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Suonenjoki, Finland E-mail rr@nn.fi
  • Kurkela, Finnish Forest Research Institute, Vantaa, Finland E-mail tk@nn.fi
  • Kasanen, University of Helsinki, Department of Forest Sciences, Helsinki, Finland E-mail rk@nn.fi

Received 30 July 2009 Accepted 19 April 2010 Published 31 December 2010

Views 13552

Available at https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.147 | Download PDF

Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0

Register
Click this link to register to Silva Fennica.
Log in
If you are a registered user, log in to save your selected articles for later access.
Contents alert
Sign up to receive alerts of new content

Your selected articles
Send to email
Magnussen S., Alfaro R. I. et al. (2005) Survival-time analysis of white spruce during sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 39 no. 2 article id 382 (remove) | Edit comment
Nikula A., Nivala V. et al. (2019) Modelling the effect of habitat composition and .. Silva Fennica vol. 53 no. 1 article id 9918 (remove) | Edit comment
Jansons Ā., Matisons R. et al. (2015) Relationships between climatic variables and tre.. Silva Fennica vol. 49 no. 1 article id 1255 (remove) | Edit comment
Fridman J., Holm S. et al. (2014) Adapting National Forest Inventories to changing.. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 3 article id 1095 (remove) | Edit comment
Repola J., Ahnlund Ulvcrona K. (2014) Modelling biomass of young and dense Scots pine .. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 5 article id 1190 (remove) | Edit comment
Haara A., (2003) Comparing simulation methods for modelling the e.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 4 article id 486 (remove) | Edit comment
Harstela P., (1974) The influence of the change of cost level on som.. Silva Fennica vol. 8 no. 2 article id 4900 (remove) | Edit comment
Warensjö M., Rune G. (2004) Stem straightness and compression wood in a 22-y.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 2 article id 424 (remove) | Edit comment
Kangas J., Pukkala T. (1992) A decision theoretic approach applied to goal pr.. Silva Fennica vol. 26 no. 3 article id 5484 (remove) | Edit comment
Mikkola L., (1970) On the crossability of Picea species Silva Fennica vol. 4 no. 4 article id 4831 (remove) | Edit comment
Kärkkäinen M., (1970) The optimum winching distance Silva Fennica vol. 4 no. 4 article id 4830 (remove) | Edit comment
Mikhailov L. E., (1974) Organizations and development trends of forest r.. Silva Fennica vol. 8 no. 1 article id 4898 (remove) | Edit comment
Berlin M., Lönnstedt L. et al. (2010) Developing a Scots pine breeding objective: a ca.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 4 article id 132 (remove) | Edit comment
Lehtiniemi T., (1973) Use of peat briquettes in seeding of Scots pine Silva Fennica vol. 7 no. 4 article id 4889 (remove) | Edit comment
Kolis K., Hiironen J. et al. (2014) Effects of sale-specific factors on stumpage pri.. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 3 article id 1054 (remove) | Edit comment
Laiho R., Penttilä T. et al. (2004) Variation in soil nutrient concentrations and bu.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 1 article id 433 (remove) | Edit comment
Lilja A., Poteri M. et al. (2010) Fungal diseases in forest nurseries in Finland Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 3 article id 147 (remove) | Edit comment
Your search results