Full text of this article is only available in PDF format.

Matti Kärkkäinen (email)

Kuusen ja männyn sydänpuuosuudesta.

Kärkkäinen M. (1972). Kuusen ja männyn sydänpuuosuudesta. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 3 article id 4872. https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14679

English title: The proportion of heartwood in Norway spruce (Picea abies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Abstract

The study deals with the variation in the proportion of heartwood  in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) both within and between stems as examined on the basis of literature. Special attention is paid to an application, in which on the basis of the diameter of pulpwood bolts, efforts are made to predict the proportion of heartwood in the total volume of bolts. It is shown that the method, even when based on homogenous material of 564 Norway spruce and Scots pine bolts, easily leads to wrong conclusions concerning the proportion of heartwood.

The PDF includes a summary in English.

Original keywords
kuusi; kuitupuu; mänty; sydänpuu; läpimitta

English keywords
Norway spruce; Picea abies; Scots pine; diameter; heartwood; pulpwood; Pinus sylvestri

Published in 1972

Views 1569

Available at https://doi.org/10.14214/sf.a14679 | Download PDF

Creative Commons License CC BY-SA 4.0

Register
Click this link to register to Silva Fennica.
Log in
If you are a registered user, log in to save your selected articles for later access.
Contents alert
Sign up to receive alerts of new content

Your selected articles
Your search results
Hökkä H., Alenius V. et al. (1997) Individual-tree basal area growth models for Sco.. Silva Fennica vol. 31 no. 2 article id 5616
Maltamo M., (1997) Comparing basal area diameter distributions esti.. Silva Fennica vol. 31 no. 1 article id 5609
Vettenranta J., (1996) Effect of species composition on economic return.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 1 article id 5574
Lindgren K., Lindgren D. (1996) Germinability of Norway spruce and Scots pine po.. Silva Fennica vol. 30 no. 1 article id 5571
Koistinen E., Valkonen S. (1993) Models for height development of Norway spruce a.. Silva Fennica vol. 27 no. 3 article id 5510
Kolström T., (1991) Results from the sowing and planting experiment .. Silva Fennica vol. 25 no. 2 article id 5445
Nygren M., (1990) Variation in the seed mass of Scots pine and Nor.. Silva Fennica vol. 24 no. 1 article id 5410
Tomminen J., Nuorteva M. et al. (1989) Occurrence of the nematode Bursaphelenchus mucro.. Silva Fennica vol. 23 no. 4 article id 5389
Petäistö R.-L., (1989) The influence of autumn transplanting date on th.. Silva Fennica vol. 23 no. 3 article id 5384
Hänninen H., Pelkonen P. (1988) Effects of temperature on dormancy release in No.. Silva Fennica vol. 22 no. 3 article id 5357
Pukkala T., (1987) Effect of seed production on the annual growth o.. Silva Fennica vol. 21 no. 2 article id 5312
Pukkala T., (1987) Model for predicting the seed crop of Picea abie.. Silva Fennica vol. 21 no. 2 article id 5311
Kärkkäinen M., (1986) Value relations of Scots pine and Norway spruce .. Silva Fennica vol. 20 no. 2 article id 5267
Kärkkäinen M., (1986) Model of knottiness of wood material in pine, sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 20 no. 2 article id 5266
Parviainen J., (1985) Growth of young Scots pine, Norway spruce, siber.. Silva Fennica vol. 19 no. 4 article id 5249
Heikurainen L., (1985) The influence of birch nurse crop (Betula pubesc.. Silva Fennica vol. 19 no. 1 article id 5233
Pohtila E., Pohjola T. (1983) Results from the reforestation experiment on plo.. Silva Fennica vol. 17 no. 3 article id 5188
Soikkeli S., (1981) The types of ultrastructural injuries in conifer.. Silva Fennica vol. 15 no. 4 article id 5136
Ollinmaa P. J., (1981) Physical properties of wood growing on drained s.. Silva Fennica vol. 15 no. 3 article id 5128
Kellomäki S., (1980) Preliminary results of the effect of drying and .. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 4 article id 5089
Jokinen R., (1980) Estimation of growth response achieved through f.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 3 article id 5081
Luukkanen O., Johansson S. (1980) Flower induction by exogenous plant hormones in .. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5070
Mikola J., (1980) The effect of seed size and duration of growth o.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5069
Niiranen J., (1980) Methods used in cutting propagation of forest tr.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5065
Velling P., (1980) Variation in the density of wood of different Sc.. Silva Fennica vol. 14 no. 1 article id 5063
Tuimala A., (1979) Changes in timber assortments and loss in stumpa.. Silva Fennica vol. 13 no. 4 article id 5051
Raunemaa T., Hautojärvi A. et al. (1979) Trace element analysis of sound and decayed Norw.. Silva Fennica vol. 13 no. 1 article id 5017
Haapanen A., Siitonen P. (1978) Forest fires in Ulvinsalo strict nature reserve .. Silva Fennica vol. 12 no. 3 article id 5002
Huttunen S., (1978) The effects of air pollution on provenances of S.. Silva Fennica vol. 12 no. 1 article id 4983
Mäkelä M., (1977) Calculating the basic density of whole tree- and.. Silva Fennica vol. 11 no. 2 article id 4970
Lehtiniemi T., (1977) Factors affecting gamma-irradiation sensitivity .. Silva Fennica vol. 11 no. 1 article id 4963
Kärkkäinen M., (1976) Density and moisture content of wood and bark, a.. Silva Fennica vol. 10 no. 3 article id 4948
Kapustinskaité T., (1975) Ash content of peatland soils and stand growth i.. Silva Fennica vol. 9 no. 3 article id 4924
Westman C. J., (1974) Effect of urea application on nitrogen available.. Silva Fennica vol. 8 no. 2 article id 4902
Kärkkäinen M., (1974) Note on the volume based on the mean of butt and.. Silva Fennica vol. 8 no. 2 article id 4899
Luukkanen O., (1973) Observations on CO2 exchange in open pollinated .. Silva Fennica vol. 7 no. 4 article id 4888
Hari P., Lehtiniemi T. (1972) The effect of temperature and moisture on germin.. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 2 article id 4866
Pohtila E., (1972) Effect of fine-grounded copper rock phosphate pl.. Silva Fennica vol. 6 no. 1 article id 4859
Kozubov G. M., (1971) Electron microscopic studies in the development .. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 4 article id 4854
Luukkanen O., Räsänen P. K. et al. (1971) The use of needle colour in predicting growth an.. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 4 article id 4853
Mannerkoski H., (1971) Effect of fertilization on the initial developme.. Silva Fennica vol. 5 no. 2 article id 4841
Heikurainen L., Ouni J. (1970) Height growth of seedling stands growing on peat.. Silva Fennica vol. 4 no. 2 article id 4817
Löyttyniemi K., (1969) The effect of treatment of Scots pine and Norway.. Silva Fennica vol. 3 no. 3 article id 4803
Eklund B., (1967) Annual variation of increment in Scots pine and .. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 4 article id 4756
Nuorteva M., (1967) Potential in using determination of insect speci.. Silva Fennica vol. 1 no. 1 article id 4736
Päivänen J., (1966) Distribution of rainfall in different types of f.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 119 article id 4732
Tamm C. O., (1965) Some experiences from forest fertilization trial.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 117 article id 4725
Jamalainen E. A., (1961) Damage by low-temperature parasitic fungi on con.. Silva Fennica vol. 0 no. 108 article id 4703
Kolehmainen V. A., (1955) Effect of prescribed burning in the forest regen.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 85 article id 4644
Kalliola R., (1942) Vegetation and flora in the Pyhätunturi National.. Silva Fennica vol. no. 59 article id 4579
Keltikangas M., Tiililä P. (1968) The economic sequence of silver birch (Betula pe.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 82 no. 5 article id 7178
Lähde E., (1966) Studies on the respiration rate in the different.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 81 no. 8 article id 7173
Ilvessalo Y., (1967) The development of natural normal forest stands .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 81 no. 5 article id 7170
Hårdh J. E., (1966) Trials with carbon dioxide, light and growth sub.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 81 no. 1 article id 7166
Huuri O., (1965) The effects of storage in cones on the viability.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 5 article id 7158
Heikurainen L., Seppälä K. (1965) Regionality in stand increment and its dependenc.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 4 article id 7157
Kallio T., (1965) Studies on the biology of distribution and possi.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 78 no. 3 article id 7156
Laiho O., Mikola P. (1964) Studies on the effect of some eradicants on myco.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 77 no. 2 article id 7150
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1961) Experimental studies on the emergence and develo.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 75 no. 1 article id 7135
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1961) Emergence and initial development of tree seedli.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 74 no. 1 article id 7128
Ollinmaa P. J., (1960) Physical properties of wood growing on drained p.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 72 no. 2 article id 7119
Ollinmaa P. J., (1959) Study on reaction wood Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 72 no. 1 article id 7118
Kallio K., (1960) The mensurational density of a stand in estimati.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 7 article id 7116
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1960) Snow cover and ground frost in Finnish forests Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 71 no. 5 article id 7114
Yli-Vakkuri P., (1959) On machines for abrading seed wings and their in.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 68 no. 4 article id 7486
Heikurainen L., (1958) Root systems of mixed forest in drained peatlands Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 67 no. 2 article id 7476
Rummukainen U., (1954) Estimation of Scots pine and Norway spruce cone .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 61 no. 20 article id 7432
Kalela E. K., (1949) On the horizontal roots in Scots pine and Norway.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 57 no. 2 article id 7398
Lukkala O. J., (1942) Measurements of rainfall in different kinds of f.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 23 article id 7376
Lappi-Seppälä M., (1942) Growth of Siberian larch in mixed stands in stat.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 8 article id 7361
Aaltonen V. T., (1942) Growth studies on tree seedlings Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 50 no. 6 article id 7359
Sarvas R., (1937) Natural regeneration of burned areas. Forest bio.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 46 no. 1 article id 7336
Aaltonen V. T., (1936) Norway spruce as competitor in the sites typical.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 42 no. 8 article id 7325
Cajander E. K., (1934) Observations in a storm damage area Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 40 no. 10 article id 7287
Hertz M., (1929) Observations on annual and daily cycles in the h.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 34 no. 18 article id 7231
Heikkilä T., (1925) Growth studies in the northernmost Finland Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 29 no. 4 article id 7194
Tyrväinen J., (1995) Wood and fiber properties of Norway spruce and i.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 249 article id 7511
Lahti T., (1995) Understorey vegetation as an indicator of forest.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 246 article id 7508
Henttonen H., (1984) The dependence of annual ring indices on some cl.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 186 article id 7633
Nyyssönen A., Ojansuu R. (1982) Assessment of timber assortments, value and valu.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 179 article id 7626
Thammincha S., (1981) Climatic variation in radial growth of Scots pin.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 171 article id 7618
Nyyssönen A., Mielikäinen K. (1978) Estimation of stand increment Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 163 article id 7597
Kallio T., (1976) Peniophora gigantea (Fr.) Massee and wounded spr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 149 article id 7583
Brown R. T., Mikola P. (1974) The influence of fruticose soil lichens upon the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 141 article id 7575
Kallio T., Tamminen P. (1974) Decay of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) in the.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 138 article id 7572
Kallio T., (1973) Peniophora gigantea (Fr.) Massee and wounded spr.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 133 article id 7567
Seppälä K., (1969) Post-drainage growth rate of Norway spruce and S.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 93 article id 7611
Leikola M., (1969) The influence of environmental factors on the di.. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 92 article id 7610
Granvik B.-A., (1968) The quantity and quality of the sawing yield in .. Acta Forestalia Fennica vol. 0 no. 86 article id 7186
Jetsonen J., Laurén A. et al. (2024) Effects of nitrogen fertilization on the ground .. Silva Fennica vol. 58 no. 1 article id 23058
Häggström B., Lutter R. et al. (2023) Effect of arginine-phosphate addition on early s.. Silva Fennica vol. 57 no. 2 article id 22013
Aza A., Kallio A. M. I. et al. (2022) Species selection in areas subjected to risk of .. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 3 article id 10732
Goude M., Nilsson U. et al. (2022) Comparing basal area growth models for Norway sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 2 article id 10707
Kuehne C., McLean J. P. et al. (2022) A stand-level growth and yield model for thinned.. Silva Fennica vol. 56 no. 1 article id 10627
Siipilehto J., Allen M. et al. (2020) Stand-level mortality models for Nordic boreal f.. Silva Fennica vol. 54 no. 5 article id 10414
Pikkarainen L., Luoranen J. et al. (2020) Comparison of planting success in one-year-old s.. Silva Fennica vol. 54 no. 1 article id 10243
Repola J., Hökkä H. et al. (2018) Models for diameter and height growth of Scots p.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 5 article id 10055
Becker H., Aosaar J. et al. (2018) Annual net nitrogen mineralization and litter fl.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 4 article id 10013
Malinen J., Kilpeläinen H. et al. (2018) Validating the predicted saw log and pulpwood pr.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 4 article id 9972
Luoranen J., (2018) Autumn versus spring planting: the initiation of.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 2 article id 7813
Egbäck S., Karlsson B. et al. (2018) Effects of phenotypic selection on height-diamet.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 2 article id 7738
Sharma R. P., Vacek Z. et al. (2017) Modelling tree crown-to-bole diameter ratio for .. Silva Fennica vol. 51 no. 5 article id 1740
Egbäck S., Nilsson U. et al. (2017) Modeling early height growth in trials of geneti.. Silva Fennica vol. 51 no. 3 article id 5662
Humplík P., Čermák P. et al. (2016) Electrical impedance tomography for decay diagno.. Silva Fennica vol. 50 no. 1 article id 1341
Saarsalmi A., Tamminen P. et al. (2014) Effects of long-term fertilisation on soil prope.. Silva Fennica vol. 48 no. 1 article id 989
Heiskanen J., Saksa T. et al. (2013) Soil preparation method affects outplanting succ.. Silva Fennica vol. 47 no. 1 article id 893
Nilsson U., Elfving B. et al. (2012) Productivity of Norway spruce compared to Scots .. Silva Fennica vol. 46 no. 2 article id 54
Terhonen E., Marco T. et al. (2011) The effect of latitude, season and needle-age on.. Silva Fennica vol. 45 no. 3 article id 104
Pukkala T., Hokkanen T. et al. (2010) Prediction models for the annual seed crop of No.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 4 article id 131
Bieker D., Rust S. (2010) Non-destructive estimation of sapwood and heartw.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 2 article id 153
Stendahl J., Johansson M.-B. et al. (2010) Soil organic carbon in Swedish spruce and pine f.. Silva Fennica vol. 44 no. 1 article id 159
Havimo M., Rikala J. et al. (2009) Tracheid cross-sectional dimensions in Scots pin.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 4 article id 188
Repola J., (2009) Biomass equations for Scots pine and Norway spru.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 4 article id 184
Zubizarreta Gerendiain A., Peltola H. et al. (2009) Growth and wood property traits in narrow crowne.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 3 article id 194
Heikkilä J., Sirén M. et al. (2009) Energy wood thinning as a part of stand manageme.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 1 article id 220
Kankaanhuhta V., Saksa T. et al. (2009) Variation in the results of Norway spruce planti.. Silva Fennica vol. 43 no. 1 article id 217
Rautiainen M., Mõttus M. et al. (2008) Crown envelope shape measurements and models Silva Fennica vol. 42 no. 1 article id 261
Repola J., (2006) Models for vertical wood density of Scots pine, .. Silva Fennica vol. 40 no. 4 article id 322
Juntunen V., Neuvonen S. (2006) Natural regeneration of Scots pine and Norway sp.. Silva Fennica vol. 40 no. 3 article id 329
Siipilehto J., Siitonen J. (2004) Degree of previous cutting in explaining the dif.. Silva Fennica vol. 38 no. 4 article id 410
Jacobson S., (2003) Addition of stabilized wood ashes to Swedish con.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 4 article id 483
Levula J., Ilvesniemi H. et al. (2003) Relation between soil properties and tree specie.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 2 article id 502
Chantal M. d., Eskola L. et al. (2003) Early establishment of Pinus sylvestris and Pice.. Silva Fennica vol. 37 no. 1 article id 509
Lindén M., Vollbrecht G. (2002) Sensitivity of Picea abies to butt rot in pure s.. Silva Fennica vol. 36 no. 4 article id 519
Kangas A., Maltamo M. (2000) Percentile based basal area diameter distributio.. Silva Fennica vol. 34 no. 4 article id 619
Vettenranta J., Miina J. (1999) Optimizing thinnings and rotation of Scots pine .. Silva Fennica vol. 33 no. 1 article id 671
Vettenranta J., (1999) Distance-dependent models for predicting the dev.. Silva Fennica vol. 33 no. 1 article id 670
Gaitnieks T., Brauners I. et al. (2018) Infection of pre-commercially cut stumps of P.. Silva Fennica vol. 52 no. 1 article id 9911
Jansons Ā., Matisons R. et al. (2015) Effect of initial fertilization on 34-year incre.. Silva Fennica vol. 50 no. 1 article id 1346
Fedorkov A., (2001) Climatic adaptation of seed maturity in Scots pi.. Silva Fennica vol. 35 no. 1 article id 609